This list is excerpted from the 2006 edition of The Best Lawyers in America, the pre-eminent referral guide to the legal profession in the United States. Published since 1983, Best Lawyers lists attorneys in 52 specialties, representing all 50 states, who have been chosen through an exhaustive survey in which thousands of the nation's top lawyers confidentially evaluate their professional peers. The current edition of Best Lawyers is based on more than 1.5 million detailed evaluations of lawyers by other lawyers.

The method used to compile Best Lawyers has not changed since the first edition was compiled more than 20 years ago. Lawyers are chosen for inclusion based solely on a vote of their peers. Listings cannot be bought, and no purchase is required to be included. In this regard, Best Lawyers remains the gold standard of reliability and integrity in lawyer ratings. The nomination pool for the 2006 edition consisted of all lawyers whose names appeared in the previous edition of Best Lawyers, lawyers who were nominated since the previous survey and new nominees solicited from listed attorneys. In general, lawyers were asked to vote only on nominees in their own specialty in their own jurisdiction. Lawyers in closely related specialties were asked to vote across specialties, as were lawyers in smaller jurisdictions. Where specialties are national or international in nature, lawyers were asked to vote nationally as well as locally. Voting lawyers were also given an opportunity to offer more detailed comments on nominees. Each year, half of the voting pool receives fax or e-mail ballots; the other half is polled by phone. Voting lawyers were provided with this general guideline for determining if a nominee should be listed among "the best": "If you had a close friend or relative who needed a real- estate lawyer (for example), and you could not handle the case yourself, to whom would you refer him or her?" All votes and comments were solicited with a guarantee of confidentiality—a critical factor in the viability and validity of Best Lawyers' surveys. To ensure the rigor of the selection process, lawyers were urged to use only their highest standards when voting, and to evaluate each nominee based only on his or her individual merits. The additional comments were used to make more accurate comparisons between voting patterns and weight votes accordingly. Best Lawyers uses various methodological tools to identify and to correct anomalies in both the nomination and the voting process. Ultimately, of course, a lawyer's inclusion is based on the subjective judgments of his or her fellow attorneys. While it is true that the lists may at times disproportionately reward visibility or popularity, the breadth of the survey, the candor of the respondents and the sophistication of the polling methodology largely correct any biases. For all these reasons, the Best Lawyers list continues to represent the most reliable, accurate and useful guide to the best lawyers in the United States available anywhere. Best Lawyers lists are available on the website. "Best Lawyers," and "The Best Lawyers in America" are registered trademarks of Woodward/White Inc. The following list is alphabetized by practice area. West Virginia and Ohio are listed separately.

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